I-membrane yedayimani engcangcazelayo kunye nendlela yayo yokwenza, edlula amandla angalinganiyo (njengocingo lokumelana nobushushu, iplasma, ilangatye) evuselela igesi eqhekekileyo ngaphezu kwesikhunta, isebenzisa umgama phakathi komphezulu ogobileyo wesikhunta kunye namandla angalinganiyo avuselela igesi eqhekekileyo. Umahluko wenza iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza. Xa izinto zedayimani zigqunywe kumphezulu wesikhunta, ukukhula kwezinto zedayimani kwahlukile, ukuze ifilimu yokungcangcazela yedayimani ibe neempawu zokungcangcazela ezingalinganiyo, ukuze ifilimu yokungcangcazela yedayimani ibe nesandi esibanzi.
Xa ukhetha izinto ezikwidiaphragm, izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe bubunzima kunye neempawu zokudambisa. Ubulukhuni bumisela ubume bendalo bezinto, kwaye ubume bendalo bezinto ezinobunzima obuphezulu buphezulu, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, ubume bendalo bezinto ezinobunzima obuphantsi buphantsi. Izinto ezineempawu ezilungileyo zokudambisa zinokwenza i-membrane engcangcazelayo ibe nempendulo egudileyo yokungcangcazela, okwenza inqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi se-membrane engcangcazelayo libe lula.
Izinto ze-membrane ezingcangcazelayo eziqhelekileyo ngokwesiko ziquka iphepha, izinto zeplastiki ze-polymer, iintsimbi (i-Be, i-Ti, i-Al), iiseramikhi, njl. Izinto zephepha kunye ne-polymer zineempawu ezilungileyo zokudambisa, kodwa ukuqina okungalunganga kunye nokonakala okulula, kunye nobunzima obuphantsi akwanelanga ukuzenza. Ubuninzi bokusebenza bunqunyelwe. Nangona ifilimu yokungcangcazela yesinyithi inobunzima obungcono, iintsimbi ezinobunzima obuphezulu ezifana ne-Be, i-Ti, njl. zibiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuzicubungula. Izinto zeseramikhi nazo zinengxaki yeenkqubo ezinzima zokusila. Ngenxa yeempawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye namandla ezinto zedayimani, ifanelekile ekwenziweni kwee-diaphragms ezilula, ezinobunzima obuphezulu, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwizithethi eziphakathi neziphezulu. Isandi esifunekayo siveliswa ngokuphindaphindeka kokungcangcazela kwe-diaphragm. Okukhona i-diaphragm iphindaphindeka kakhulu, kokukhona amandla oomatshini kunye neemfuno zomgangatho we-diaphragm ziqinile, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto zedayimani ukwenza i-diaphragm kunokufezekisa le njongo.
Ngokubanzi, i-membrane engcangcazelayo inomda ophezulu we-frequency yokuphendula. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba i-membrane engcangcazelayo yenziwe ngedayimani okanye ezinye izinto, i-frequency yendalo inqunyelwe kuluhlu oluthile ngenxa yeempawu ezifanayo zezinto ezibonakalayo, ezithintela ukusebenza kwe-bandwidth yayo. Iimpawu zokudambisa kunye nokuqina azinakutshintshwa ngokungakhethiyo, nto leyo ethintela umgangatho wayo wesandi kunye nokusebenza kwe-timbre. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufuna ukugubungela uluhlu lwe-frequency olwamkelekileyo kwindlebe yomntu, uhlala kufuneka usete ii-diaphragms ezininzi ezine-bandwidths ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-frequency upper limits ngexesha elinye ukuze ufumane isiphumo sesandi esingcono. Ke ngoko, kubugcisa bangaphambili, kukho itekhnoloji yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukwenza i-membrane engcangcazelayo ngamacandelo. Inxalenye ephakathi ye-membrane engcangcazelayo yenziwe ngezinto ezinobunzima obuphezulu, kwaye iringi yangaphandle yenziwe ngezinto ezinobunzima obuphantsi. Emva koko la macandelo mabini adityaniswa ukwenza enye. I-membrane engcangcazelayo inobunzima obubini obuhlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu ngexesha elinye, kwaye inokugubungela i-bandwidth enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ubukhulu befilimu engcangcazelayo budla ngokuba buncinci kakhulu, kwaye umsebenzi wokudibanisa unzima. Ukuba iza kusetyenziswa kwizinto zedayimani, iteknoloji yayo yokubopha kunye nearhente yokubopha ziingxaki ezinkulu kakhulu, ngoko ke akulula ukuyisebenzisa kwizinto zedayimani.
Ukuze kusonjululwe ezi ngxaki zingasentla, olu vumbululo lucebisa ifilimu engcangcazelayo yedayimani kunye nendlela yayo yokuvelisa, enokutshintsha ubulukhuni, ubukhulu kunye neempawu zokudambisa zemimandla eyahlukeneyo kwifilimu engcangcazelayo yedayimani, ukuze ibe neempawu zokungcangcazela ezingalinganiyo kwaye igubungele uluhlu olukhulu lwamaza.
Ngokwe-membrane engcangcazelayo yedayimani kunye nendlela yayo yokwenza etyhilwe kule mveliso, kukho i-mold enomphezulu ogobileyo, kwaye amandla angalinganiyo (angalinganiyo) avuselela igesi ehlukanisiweyo adlula phezulu kwe-mold ukuze avelise ubushushu obuphezulu bokufudumeza i-mold ukuze umphezulu we-mold ube nosasazo lobushushu olungalinganiyo.
Umzekelo nge
1. Intambo yokumelana nobushushu yeyona ndawo iphambili (indawo enamandla aphezulu), kwaye uxinzelelo lwento esabelayo lubonisa ukusasazwa kweringi engalinganiyo.
2. Ngenxa yeziphumo zobude be-wavelength, i-amplitude, kunye namaza amiyo kwi-plasma evuselelwa ngamandla aphezulu, uxinzelelo lwezinto ezisabelayo lubonisa imilo engqukuva enokusasazwa okungalinganiyo.
3. Amandla elangatye ayabola ngaphandle kwindawo ephakathi, kwaye uxinano lwezinto ezisabelayo lubonisa usasazo olungafaniyo.
Uxinzelelo lobushushu kunye nolwezinto ezisabelayo oluveliswa ngamandla angentla lubola ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle ngokulandelelana; ngoko ke, umphezulu owahlukileyo wesikhunta udibana neendawo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo lwezinto ezisabelayo ukuze kukhule iifilimu zedayimani ezineemeko ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo, okwenza izinto zedayimani zingabi nabufana. Iimpawu zokungcangcazela (ezingafaniyo), ezinje ngobukhulu okanye ubunzima zibonisa ukusasazwa okungafaniyo, kwaye emva koko ifilimu encinci yedayimani isuswa kwisikhunta ukuze kwenziwe ifilimu yokungcangcazela yedayimani. Iimeko zesakhiwo sezinto zedayimani ziquka i-micro-crystal (Micro-crystal), i-nano-crystal (Nano-crystal) njalo njalo.
Ngokwefilimu engcangcazelayo yedayimani eyenziwe yile mveliso, ubulukhuni bayo kunye nobukhulu bayo abufani, kwaye ubulukhuni bendawo ephakathi buphezulu, ubulukhuni bendawo ephezu komphetho buphantsi, kwaye ubukhulu bendawo ephakathi bukhulu, kwaye ubukhulu bendawo ephezu komphetho buncinci. Iimpawu zokungcangcazela zenxalenye nganye zichaphazeleka bubulukhuni kwaye Isiphumo sobukhulu sinamaza endalo ahlukeneyo ngokulandelelana, ukuze i-diaphragm yedayimani ibe ne-bandwidth enkulu.
Inkcazo yemizobo
I-1A-1D yimizobo yesicwangciso senkqubo yokuvelisa yendlela yokuqala ekhethwayo yokwenziwa kwale nto intsha;
Umfanekiso 2A ngumbono ophezulu wesimo sohlobo lokuqala olukhethwayo;
Umzobo 2B ngumbono osecaleni wesimo sohlobo lokuqala olukhethwayo;
Umzobo 3 ngumfanekiso wohlalutyo lwe-frequency, volume lwendlela yokuqala ekhethwayo kunye nobugcisa bangaphambili; Kwaye
I-4A-4D yimizobo yesicwangciso senkqubo yokwenziwa kohlobo lokuqala olukhethwayo lwale mveliso.
Phakathi kwazo, iimpawu zesalathiso:
Iimbumba ezili-10
12 Umaleko Wokuqala Wokungcangcazela
Ileya yokungcangcazela yesibini ezili-14
Intambo yokumelana nobushushu engama-20
Umphezulu womngundo we-A, B, C, D
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-30-2023